Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. It was the capital of ancient Eygpt it was the greatest city for many years. It is also the second largest, city cairo being the first. Even today, it is the largest seaport in Egypt. Alexandria was designed by Dinocrates, the personal architect of Alexander the Great. After the death of Alexander the city's control was passed to his governor, Ptolemy. Trade flourished through Alexandria and it soon became the most important city in the world. Many Greek mathematicians and scholars gathered their including Apollonius.  

     Soon, however, control of the city passed from the Greeks, and was given to the Roman empire, in 30 b.c. Even the might of Rome could not keep it forever, and in 616, the city was overtaken by Persians. The Arabs then conquered not only Alexandria, but Egypt as a whole. They changed the capital from Alexandria to Al Fustat, which is part of present day Cairo. In no way did that stunt the importance of Alexandria, however, and to this day it remains an important trading center and historical landmark. Euclid lived in alexandria and he also taught there.

Hypatia